[00:00.00]本字幕由TME AI技术生成
[00:00.17]partthree
[00:02.51]youwillheartwostudentsofsocialhistorycalledannieandjack
[00:07.43]discussingtheirpresentationaboutrefriggeration
[00:11.65]firstyouhavesometimetolookatquestionstwentyonetotwentyfour
[00:46.54]nowlistencarefullyandanswerquestionstwentyonetotwentyfour
[00:54.45]okay jack
[00:56.17]beforeweplanourpresentationaboutrefrigeration
[00:59.47]letsdiscusswhatwevediscoveredsofar
[01:02.15]finallythoughihavetoadmit
[01:03.91]ihaventdonemuchresearch
[01:05.23]yetnormy
[01:06.75]butifoundaninterestingarticleabouticehousesidseeentheeighteenfornineteencenturyoneshereintheUK
[01:15.09]theniknewtheywereoftenbuiltinashadyarea
[01:18.41]soundergroundclosetolakes
[01:20.57]thatmightfreezeinthewinter
[01:22.55]butblocksoficecouldhecutandstoredintheicehouse
[01:27.08]butidididntrealizetheinsulatingtheblockswithdraworsawdustmeanttheydidntmeltformonths
[01:34.42]theancientromanshadrefrigerationtooyes
[01:38.86]pitsweredugginthegroundandsnowwasimportedfromthemountains
[01:43.70]eventhoughtheywerequiteadistance
[01:46.44]thesnowwasstoredinthepits
[01:49.08]iceformedthebottomofit
[01:51.28]boththeiceandthesnowwerethensold
[01:54.20]theicecausedmorethanthesnowandmyguessisthatonlythewealthymembersofsocietycouldaffordit
[02:00.76]iwouldntbesurprised
[02:02.06]ialsocameacrossthearscoleaboutmoderndomesticfridges
[02:07.14]severaldifferenttechnologiesused
[02:09.26]buttheyweretoocomplexformetounderstandyouhavetowonderwhathappenswhenpeoplegetridofoldones
[02:15.26]youmeanbecausethegasisinthemhaharmfulfortheenvironment
[02:18.44]exactlyatleast
[02:20.24]therearenowplentyoforganizationsthatwillreccyclemostofthecomponentsafely
[02:25.40]butofcoursesomepeoplejustdumbedfridgesinthecountryside
[02:29.00]itshardtoseehowtheycanbestopped
[02:31.48]unfortunately
[02:32.73]嗯
[02:32.97]intheUK
[02:33.73]wegetridofthreemillionayear
[02:35.69]altogetherthatsoundsalot
[02:38.41]especially
[02:39.17]becausedgegeshodlyeverbreakdownthatsrightrightinthiscountry
[02:42.79]wekeepdomestifridgesforforvenyearsonaverageandalotlastfortwentyormore
[02:47.45]soifyoudividethecostbyyouusenumberofyou
[02:50.63]youcanusethefritheyyrenotexpensivecomparedwithhousehoderplanestrue
[02:56.10]isupposemanufactureisencouragepeopletospendmorebymakingthemdifferentcolorsanddesigns
[03:02.40]imsure
[03:02.90]whenmyparentsboughttheirfirstfrench
[03:05.06]theyhadhardlyanychoice
[03:06.76]yes
[03:07.30]theresbeenquartertochange
[03:12.03]beforeyouheartherestofthediscussion
[03:14.53]youhavesometimetolookatquestionstwentyfivetothirty
[03:48.70]nowlistenandanswerquestionstwentyfivetothirty
[03:56.28]rightletsmakealistoftopicstocoveringourpresentationanddecide
[04:00.10]whosgoingtodomoreresearchonthem
[04:02.26]thenlaterwecangettogetherandplanthenextstep
[04:04.96]okay
[04:06.04]howaboutstartingwithhowusefulrefrigerationisbecausetherangeofgoodsthatarerefrigeratednowadays
[04:13.78]becauseofcourseitsnotjustfoodanddrinks
[04:16.78]noisupposeflowersandmedicinesarerefrigeratedtooandcomputersicoulddothatunlessparparcucuatwwknowtheresfinebyme
[04:27.61]whatabouttheeffectsofrefrigerationonpeopleshealthafterallsomeofthechemicalsusedintheonethousandninehundredenthcenturywereprettyharmful
[04:35.17]buttherehavebeenlotsofbenefits
[04:36.57]toolikealwayshavingaccesstofreshfood
[04:40.20]youfancydealingwiththatimnotterriblykeentobehonest
[04:44.52]nome
[04:44.92]mymomjustgoesblank
[04:46.90]whenireadanythingaboutchemicals
[04:48.46]oh ball
[04:49.78]rightthen
[04:50.40]oh
[04:51.02]doyouafavor
[04:52.20]butyouowemejack
[04:54.51]okay
[04:55.71]whatabouttheeffectsonfoodproduceslikefarmersinpooracountriesbeingabletoexporttheirproducedtodevelopcountriessomethingforyou
[05:05.73]maybeyouddontmindyoushouldbequiteinteresting
[05:09.31]ithinkweshouldalsolookathowrefrigerationhashelpedwholecitieslikeblasthaguaswhichcouldntexistwithoutrefrigerationbecauseitsinthemiddleofadesert
[05:19.41]right
[05:20.64]ihadaquicklookataneconomicsbookinthelibrary
[05:23.28]thatsgotachapteraboutthissortofthing
[05:25.42]icangiveyouthetitle
[05:26.50]ifyouwanttodothissection
[05:28.04]notparticularlytobehonest
[05:30.42]ifindeconomicbooksprettyheavygoingasarule
[05:33.30]okay
[05:34.06]leaveittome
[05:34.66]then
[05:35.18]thanks
[05:36.62]thentherestransportandthedifferencethatrefrigeratedtruckshavemadeiwouldntmindhavingAAatthatdontdontforgettrains
[05:46.32]tooireadaboutmilk
[05:47.62]buttterbeingtransportedinrefrigeratedrailroadcarsintheUSA
[05:51.52]right
[05:51.96]backineigheighteenforties
[05:53.78]ihaventthoughtoftrains
[05:55.64]thanks
[05:56.70]shoingingaseparatesectionondomesticfidgesafteralllelesssomethingeveryonesfamiliarwithwhataboutsplicingitintotodoyoucouldinvestigatenineteenthantwentycenturyfridgesandillconcentrateonwhatsavailablethesedays
[06:11.61]andhowmanufacturersdifferentiatetheirproductsfromthoseoftheircompetitors
[06:16.17]okay
[06:16.75]thatsaidme
[06:20.65]thatistheendofpartthree
[06:24.20]younowhavethirtysecondstocheckyouranswersdepartthree